Overview
Arthrodesis permanently fuses a joint to relieve pain from severe arthritis or instability.

Indications
End‑stage arthritis or deformity in joints such as ankle, wrist, or spine.

Procedure overview
Cartilage is removed and bones are fixed together to fuse.

Recovery
Prolonged immobilization and restricted weight‑bearing depending on joint.

Risks and complications
Non‑union, hardware issues, and loss of joint motion.

Alternatives
Joint replacement in select cases.